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2022
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From Garden City to Ecological City
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The construction of ancient Chinese cities emphasized the unity of heaven and man, integrating ancient mountain and water culture and pastoral culture into the choice of residence. The ideal city in the hearts of ancient people had a simple ecological connotation; Since the 1990s, the Ministry of Construction of China has been promoting the creation of national garden cities. The construction of national garden cities inherits and promotes classical garden ideas, allowing cities to blend into nature and making everything visible green;
The construction of ancient Chinese cities emphasized the unity of heaven and man, integrating ancient mountain and water culture and pastoral culture into the choice of residence. The ideal city in the hearts of ancient people had a simple ecological connotation; Since the 1990s, the Ministry of Construction of China has been promoting the creation of national garden cities. The construction of national garden cities inherits and promotes classical garden ideas, allowing cities to blend into nature and making everything visible green; In 2004, the Chinese Ministry of Construction issued the implementation opinions for creating "ecological garden cities", which are the "upgraded version" of garden cities. At the beginning of 2016, seven cities including Suzhou, Nanning, Xuzhou, Kunshan, Baoji, Shouguang, and Zhuhai were awarded the first batch of "National Ecological Garden Cities". It can be seen that the evolution of urban construction in China is a continuous process of moving towards ideal cities.
The transition from a "garden city" to an "ecological city" reflects a change in philosophy and a rethinking of human survival. The integration of the word "ecology" is not simply a combination, but rather a shift from focusing on urban landscaping indicators to paying attention to the common development of natural environment, ecological environment, and living environment, until a virtuous cycle of urban ecosystem is formed. The digital indicators of greening are no longer the target of pursuit. The construction of cities requires a holistic ecological perspective. Cities not only need to achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, but also need to achieve comprehensive and coordinated development of nature, environment, society, and economy.
Professor Li Xiong from the School of Landscape Architecture at Beijing Forestry University said that the reason for such a change in philosophy is firstly to meet the needs of people's livelihood. The construction of ecological garden cities can promote the harmonious development of urban living environment and is a livelihood project closely related to the lives of urban residents; Secondly, this is to meet the inherent needs of urban development and China's urbanization process. China's current urbanization is in a critical period of economic transformation and upgrading. At the same time, the constraints on resources and environment such as land and ecology are becoming increasingly tight, which further raises the requirements for the quality of urban spatial environment, the level of garden and green space construction, and the comprehensive level of urban construction. In this situation, ecological garden cities have gradually become one of the main directions of new urbanization construction; Thirdly, ecological garden cities are powerful measures in response to the construction of ecological civilization and a beautiful China. We must establish the concept of ecological civilization that respects nature, conforms to nature, and protects nature.
The creation of ecological garden cities is a fundamental task for reproducing green mountains and rivers in cities, and is a practical action to implement ecological civilization. The transformation from a garden city to an ecological garden city is also timely, and the vast urban system requires a reasonable and healthy ecological garden city construction concept as guidance. In the future, the development of ecological cities will also incorporate more modern development concepts, and in this process, our ideal home in centrifugal separation will become closer and closer.
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